The early 20th century saw the virtual elimination of tonality as an organizing musical principle and dissonance used as sheer sound rather than a transitional state of musical tension that had to be resolved. This program examines how Claude Debussy, Arnold Schoenberg, Alban Berg, Anton von Webern, and Igor Stravinsky pushed the limits of music to the point where audiences rejected and even rioted against it. Debussy’s impressionism, Schoenberg’s 12-tone system, and Stravinsky’s elevation of rhythm over melody are emphasized. The avant-garde nationalistic music of Jean Sibelius, Sir Edward Elgar, Ralph Vaughan Williams, Béla Bartók, Ernest Bloch, and Charles Ives is showcased as well. A Discovery Channel Production. (27 minutes)
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