This program examines the systematic, philosophical pessimism of Arthur Schopenhauer and its emphasis on an infraconsciousness, or will, as the irrational motivating force in human nature. World-renowned author and professor Bryan Magee and distinguished philosophical historian Frederick Copleston discuss Schopenhauer’s theory of underlying reality as experienced through the inner self. On a larger scale, the concept of will is ultimately defined as energy, which is judged to be central to scientific explanations of what drives the universe. A BBC Production. (46 minutes)